NRIPL

JUNIPER BERRY OIL

Botanical Name

Juniperus indica Bertol.

Synonym

Rhododendron hypenanthum Balf. f.

Family

Cupressaceae

Local Name

Dhupi

English Name

Juniper, Black Juniper

Plant Description

Juniper indica is a large deciduous shrub or small tree, ultimate brachlets densely arranged, straight, usually 4 angled. Leaves both scale like and awl or needle like; awl-like leaves 3-6mm, awl like leaves 3-6mm spreading, present on lower branches; scale like leaves less than 1.5mm, over lapping in four ranks, present on terminal branches. Seed cone ovoid, 6-13mm, erect, greenish brown when young, later turns to blue. Fruiting occurs during May-August. Juniper indica is a Sinu-Japanese element and found throughout Nepal within the altitudinla range of 3300m to 4500m. It prefers open and rocky slopes and sometimes forms pure forest on lower sub-alpine regions.

Extraction

Juniper oil is extracted from the steam distillation of leaves, aerial twigs and berries of Juniperus indica . Yield percentage of Juniper oil ranged from 0.8% to 1.6% in fruits and 0.27% to 0.8% on berries on fresh weight basis.

Uses

Juniper oil is an important natural product used directly in fragrance compounding. The oil is used to scent pharmaceutical preparations, as well as in cosmetic products such as soaps, disinfectants, perfumery etc. The oil is extensively used in many food products, alcoholic and soft drinks. Juniper berry oil is used to flavour the alcoholic beverages ‘Gin’. The oil found to have diuretic and antiseptic properties.